Top Questions Middle and Senior Python Developers Ask

Advanced Syntax and Patterns

• How to use type hints effectively in Python
• How to implement decorators with arguments
• How to use context managers for resource management
• How to write custom metaclasses
• How to leverage descriptors in Python
• How to use __slots__ to optimize memory
• How to implement a fluent interface
• How to use dataclasses for better code
• How to handle dynamic attribute access
• How to use the walrus operator in real projects

Concurrency and Parallelism

• How to choose between threading and multiprocessing
• How to use asyncio for asynchronous programming
• How to handle async/await in Python
• How to use concurrent.futures for parallel tasks
• How to avoid race conditions in multithreading
• How to implement a thread-safe queue
• How to use locks for synchronization
• How to profile asyncio performance
• How to scale multiprocessing for CPU-bound tasks
• How to use aiohttp for async HTTP requests

Performance Optimization

• How to optimize Python code for speed
• How to use Cython to improve performance
• How to profile memory usage in Python
• How to use Numba for just-in-time compilation
• How to reduce garbage collection overhead
• How to implement lazy evaluation
• How to optimize database queries in Python
• How to use PyPy for faster execution
• How to benchmark Python algorithms
• How to avoid memory leaks in long-running apps

Architecture and Design

• How to design a scalable Python application
• How to implement the factory pattern in Python
• How to use dependency injection in Python
• How to structure a large Python codebase
• How to implement event-driven architecture
• How to apply SOLID principles in Python
• How to design a RESTful API in Python
• How to use the observer pattern
• How to implement a plugin system
• How to refactor legacy Python code

Databases and ORMs

• How to use SQLAlchemy for ORM
• How to handle database migrations in Python
• How to optimize SQLAlchemy queries
• How to use PyMongo for MongoDB
• How to implement connection pooling
• How to use Redis with Python
• How to handle transactions in Python
• How to migrate from SQLite to PostgreSQL
• How to use async databases like asyncpg
• How to shard a database in Python

Security

• How to secure a Python web application
• How to prevent SQL injection in Python
• How to implement JWT authentication
• How to hash passwords securely
• How to use OAuth2 in Python
• How to sanitize user input for security
• How to encrypt sensitive data
• How to audit Python code for vulnerabilities
• How to use HTTPS with Python web servers
• How to prevent CSRF attacks in Python

Testing and Quality Assurance

• How to write unit tests with unittest
• How to use pytest with fixtures
• How to mock dependencies in Python tests
• How to measure test coverage
• How to test async code in Python
• How to implement property-based testing
• How to use tox for multi-environment testing
• How to write integration tests for APIs
• How to automate testing in CI/CD pipelines
• How to test database interactions

Deployment and DevOps

• How to deploy a Python app to AWS
• How to use Docker with Python
• How to create a Dockerfile for Python
• How to deploy Python to Kubernetes
• How to set up CI/CD for Python projects
• How to use Gunicorn with Flask
• How to configure Nginx for Python apps
• How to monitor a Python application
• How to use Ansible for Python deployment
• How to manage Python dependencies in production

Advanced Libraries and Tools

• How to use FastAPI for high-performance APIs
• How to implement GraphQL in Python
• How to use Celery for task queues
• How to integrate RabbitMQ with Python
• How to use Pandas for large-scale data analysis
• How to leverage Dask for big data
• How to use TensorFlow for machine learning
• How to implement WebSockets in Python
• How to use Prometheus for monitoring
• How to integrate Elasticsearch with Python

Team and Collaboration

• How to enforce Python coding standards in a team
• How to use Black for code formatting
• How to set up pre-commit hooks for Python
• How to conduct effective code reviews
• How to manage Python version compatibility
• How to document Python code with Sphinx
• How to use mypy for static typing
• How to migrate Python 2 to Python 3
• How to handle technical debt in Python projects
• How to mentor junior developers in Python